GFDL’s IPCC AR5 Models

GFDL has had a central role in each assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change since 1990, when their first report was issued. For the most recent assessment (AR5) GFDL contributed six of the models used for climate assessments and devoted the equivalent of more than 9 months of supercomputing time to produce climate simulations for the IPCC.

CM2.1 Decadal prediction ensemble experiments

• Delworth, Thomas L., et al., 2006: GFDL’s CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part I: Formulation and Simulation Characteristics. Journal of Climate, 19(5), DOI:10.1175/JCLI3629.1.
• Gnanadesikan, Anand, et al., 2006: GFDL’s CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part II: The baseline ocean simulation. Journal of Climate, 19(5), DOI:10.1175/JCLI3630.1.

ESM2M Centennial scale coupled carbon-climate projection experiments

• Dunne, John P., et al., October 2012: GFDL’s ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon Earth System Models Part I: Physical formulation and baseline simulation characteristics. Journal of Climate, 25(19), DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00560.1.
• Dunne, John P., et al., April 2013: GFDL’s ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon Earth System Models Part II: Carbon system formulation and baseline simulation characteristics. Journal of Climate, 26(7), DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00150.1.

ESM2G Centennial scale coupled carbon-climate projection experiments

CM3 Centennial scale experiments simulating historical and projected future climate with online, interactive atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

• Donner, L.J., et al., The dynamical core, physical parameterizations, and basic simulation characteristics of the atmospheric component AM3 of the GFDL global coupled model CM3, J. Clim., 24, 3484-3519, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3955.1, 2011.
• Griffies, S.M., et al., GFDL’s CM3 coupled climate model: Characteristics of the ocean and sea ice simulations, J. Clim., 24, 3520-3544, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3964.1, 2011.

HiRAM-C180 High resolution decadal time-slice experiments

• Zhao, Ming, Isaac M Held, Shian-Jiann Lin, and Gabriel A Vecchi, December 2009: Simulations of global hurricane climatology, interannual variability, and response to global warming using a 50km resolution GCM. Journal of Climate, 22(24), DOI:10.1175/2009JCLI3049.1.

HiRAM-C360 High resolution decadal time-slice experiments

• Zhao, Ming, Isaac M Held, Shian-Jiann Lin, and Gabriel A Vecchi, December 2009: Simulations of global hurricane climatology, interannual variability, and response to global warming using a 50km resolution GCM. Journal of Climate, 22(24), DOI:10.1175/2009JCLI3049.1.